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GC-MS SPECTROSCOPIC APPROACH AND BIOACTIVITY POTENTIAL OF MARINE EXTRACTS FROM BLACK SEA CUCUMBER AND CROWN-OF-THORNS STARFISH INDIGENOUS TO ENGGANO ISLAND

ROZIRWAN 1*, ANNISA PUTRI SABILA 1, WIKE AYU EKA PUTRI 1, FAUZIYAH 1, MELKI 1, ISKHAQ ISKANDAR 2, ELA NOVIANTI 3, APON ZAENAL MUSTOPA 3, FATIMAH 3, NADILA NUR KHOTIMAH 4, REDHO YOGA NUGROHO 1

1Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya 30862, South Sumatra, Indonesia
2 Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, South Sumatra, 30862, Indonesia
3 Research Centre for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java 16911, Indonesia
4 Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Padang Selasa Bukit Besar, Palembang 30139, Indonesia

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The echinoderms from Enggano Island are marine organisms that produce secondary metabolite compounds, which may exhibit both antioxidant activity and toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity, toxicity and phytochemical composition of black sea cucumber (Holothuria atra) and crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci) from Enggano Island. The samples were collected through random sampling, followed by maceration and extraction with ethanol. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH assay (IC50 values), while toxicity was assessed via the BSLT method (LC50 values). Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis identified bioactive compounds. The results indicate weak antioxidant activity for both species (H. atra: IC50 = 1026 μg/mL; A. planci: IC50 = 1083 μg/mL) but moderate toxicity (H. atra: LC50 = 288 μg/mL; A. planci: LC50 = 209 μg/mL). Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of steroids in H. atra and triterpenoids and flavonoids in A. planci. GC-MS identified esters and fatty acids with potential bioactivity. These findings suggest the potential of these echinoderms for marine bioprospecting; however, further studies are needed to explore their pharmacological applications and mitigate concerns about toxicity.