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AN UPDATED REVIEW ON CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF DEINOXANTHIN

RANA KOLAHI AHARI 1, TOKTAM SAHRANAVARD 1, ARISTIDIS TSATSAKIS 2,3, ANDREEA LETIȚIA ARSENE 4, MARINA IONELA NEDEA (ILIE) 4, ALEXANDER E. NOSYREV 3, SEYEDEH FAEZEH TAGHIZADEH 5, RAMIN REZAEE 1,6*

1International UNESCO Centre for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2 Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
3 Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
4 Department of General and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956, Bucharest, Romania
5 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
6 Applied Biomedical Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

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Deinoxanthin, the major carotenoid of bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, is a unique C2 hydroxylated monocyclic keto-carotenoid. In the present review article composed based on articles retrieved from Medline/PubMed and Scopus following a systematic search, we discuss chemical, biological and pharmacological properties of the compound. Based on the literature, deinoxanthin possesses remarkable resistance against ultraviolet (UV) radiations, exhibits strong reactive oxygen species-scavenging capacity, and exerts apoptotic effects on Saos-2, PC-3, HT-29 and, HepG2 cells. Interestingly, deinoxanthin has been detected following exposure to Mars-like solar UV spectrum in space when protected from solar radiation. Despite promising potential of deinoxanthin, it seems that few studies have evaluated its biological/pharmacological function and further in vivo/in vitro studies should be conducted to reveal signalling pathways modulated by this compound.