SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF HOLOTHURIA ATRA ETHANOL EXTRACT FOR 90 DAYS IN HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE LIVER AND KIDNEY OF RATS
MUHAMMAD NURSID 1*, ARIYANTI S. DEWI 1, GINTUNG PATANTIS 1, ENDAR MARRASKURANTO 1, USAMAH HABIBULLAH 2, MUHAMMAD R. SUBAGJA 2, SRI ESTUNINGSIH 2
1Research Center for Marine and Inland Water Bioindustry-National Research and Innovation Agency, Mataram, Indonesia
2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Kampus IPB, Darmaga Bogor, Indonesia
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This study aimed to determine the effects of sea cucumber extract Holothuria atra on the histopathology of the liver and kidney of Sprague Dawley rats after 90 days of oral administration. The ethanol extract of H. atra was used. The rats were divided into six groups according to the dose of extract given, namely Group A (control), Group B (dose of 25 mg/kg BW), Group C (dose of 50 mg/kg BW), Group D (dose 100 mg/kg BW), Group E (dose of 200 mg/kg BW), and Group F (dose of 400 mg/kg BW). The extract was administered orally to the rats for 90 days, after which liver and kidney histopathological observations were carried out. The study showed that the administration of H. atra extract to rats caused liver and kidney histopathological changes, especially at 200 mg (group E) and 400 mg (group F). Based on the histopathological description, H. atra extract was toxic to the liver and kidney at 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW. The safe doses of H. atra extract in the liver and kidney were 25 - 100 mg/kg BW. The results also showed that the extract with doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg BW positively affected the liver. Holothuria atra extract was toxic to the liver and kidney at 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW; thus, the recommended safe doses are 25 - 100 mg/kg BW.
