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PHARMACOLOGICAL INSIGHTS WITH IMPACT ON DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS

ANDREEA SĂLCUDEAN 1#, DORA-MIHAELA CÎMPIAN 1*, RAMONA-AMINA POPOVICI 2#, ANCA MEDA VASIESIU 3, DANIELA LUCIA MUNTEAN 4

1 Department of Ethics and Social Sciences, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureş, 540139, Târgu Mureş, Romania
2 Department of Management and Communication in Dental Medicine, Department I, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
3 Department of Infectious Diseases, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Târgu Mureş, Romania
4 Department of Analytical Chemistry and Drug, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139, Târgu-Mureș, Romania

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Depression is a multifaceted mental health disorder characterised by a range of emotional and physical symptoms, including persistent sadness, loss of interest, and cognitive dysfunction. Recent research has increasingly focused on the role of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of depression, suggesting that inflammatory processes may significantly affect neurotransmitter systems, thereby contributing to the development and persistence of depressive symptoms. This comprehensive review aims to synthesise current findings on how neuroinflammation affects neurotransmitter systems in depression, highlighting brain regions affected by neuroinflammation and its impact on brain function. The relationship between neuroinflammation and depression is complex, involving multiple pathways and factors that contribute to the onset and maintenance of depressive symptoms. Moreover, the implications of neuroinflammation extend beyond the immediate effects on mood regulation; they also encompass broader neurobiological consequences, such as altered neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for the development of targeted therapies that can mitigate the effects of neuroinflammation on mood disorders.