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IN VITRO AND IN OVO COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SELF-ASSEMBLING PEPTIDE-BASED DENTAL REPAIR AGENTS

DIANA HAJ ALI 1,2, STEFANIA-IRINA DUMITREL 1,2, CRISTINA TRANDAFIRESCU 1,2, HORATIU CRISTIAN MANEA 3,4, ANA LASCU 5,10,11*, STEFANIA DINU 6,7, IOANA MACASOI 1,2, ROXANA BUZATU 6, CAMELIA SZUHANEK 6,8, CRISTINA DUMITRESCU 1,2, IUSTIN OLARIU 9

1 “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Faculty of Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
2 “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
3 “Vasile Goldiș” Western University of Arad, Faculty of Medicine, 94 Revoluției Bv., 310025 Arad, Romania
4 Timișoara Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital, 5 Take Ionescu Bv., 300062 Timișoara, Romania
5 “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Faculty of Medicine, 1 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
6 “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timișoara, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 9 Revoluției 1989 Ave., 300070 Timișoara, Romania
7 “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timișoara, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Pediatric Dentistry Research Center, 9 Revoluției Bv., 300041 Timișoara, Romania
8 “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Orthodontic research center (ORTHO-CENTER), Timișoara, Romania
9 “Vasile Goldiș” Western University of Arad, Faculty of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dentistry, 310025 Arad, Romania
10 Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara - Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Gh. Adam Street, No. 13A, 300310 Timişoara, Romania
11 “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Centre for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, Romania

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A significant health issue is that dental demineralisation can cause dental caries and other systemic health concerns, negatively impacting overall well-being. Due to the developmental stages of enamel and dentin in children, they are particularly vulnerable. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of two self-assembling peptide-based gels (SAPs) used for dentin remineralisation. For the evaluation of SAPs', they were tested in vitro on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and in ovo on the chorioallantoic membrane of hen's eggs. Viability, morphology and nuclear integrity were evaluated in vitro, while irritation potential was determined in ovo. As a result of the findings, SAPs do not present a significant degree of cytotoxicity, providing minimal irritation and a protective, anti-irritating effect. Therefore, SAP-based gels suggest a biocompatible, safe and effective method for remineralisation, with low cytotoxicity and minimal irritation risk.