Romanian Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences
 

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EVALUATION OF SOME BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND THE ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTIDIABETIC EFFECTS OF FREEZE-DRIED PEELS OF MELICOCCUS BIJUGATUS JACQ. (HUAYA) PEELS

VÍCTOR HUGO OIDOR-CHAN 1, CLAUDIA PONCE-SÁNCHEZ 2, JOSÉ ALBERTO MENDOZA-ESPINOZA 3, FERNANDO DÍAZ DE LEÓN–SÁNCHEZ 4*

¹ Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa (UAM-I), Ciudad de México, México
2 Graduate Program in Experimental Biology (PhD Student), UAM-I, Ciudad de México, México
3 Academy of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Ciudad de México, México
4 Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa (UAM-I), Ciudad de México, México

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This study aimed to investigate bioactive compounds, as well as the antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic effects of freeze-dried Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq. (huaya) peels. In the freeze-dried peels, the concentrations of total phenols (209.87 ± 3.40 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents/100 g freeze-dried) and the antoxidant capacity (282.85 ± 4.62 mg Ascobic Acid/100 g freeze-dried) were high and moderate in flavonoids (87.67 ± 0.97 Quercetin/100 g freeze-dried) compared to the reported in pulp fruit. The concentrations of organic acids per 100 g of freeze-dried were high: tartaric acid (21216.69 ± 1258.98 mg), malic acid (12336.9054 ± 555.05 mg), citric acid (10062.7239 ± 395.36 mg), and ascorbic acid (1941.56931 ± 68.20 mg). In male Wistar rats, the freeze-dried (25 mg/kg) reduced hyperglycemia by 10.54% in an oral glucose tolerance test, and the insulin signaling might be involved. The combination of metformin plus freeze-dried at low doses produced effects similar to monotherapy. In rats with type 2 diabetes (T2D), administration of freeze-dried (14 days) reversed hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. Huaya peels represent a potential source of bioactive compounds for the treatment of T2D.