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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RIBES NIGRUM LEAF EXTRACTS IN DIFFERENT SOLVENTS: ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY

OANA-ADLA COMAN 1, ANDREEA SMEU 2,3*, DELIA MUNTEAN 4, ANA-MARIA VLASE 5, LAURIAN VLASE 6, SZILVIA TOTH 7,8, ANDREEA VĂDAN 7,8, ANCA STOICA 7,9, SERGIO LIGA 10, ALINA MOACĂ 2,3, ADRIANA CIURBA 11, DIANA-SIMONA TCHIAKPE-ANTAL 2,12

1 Doctoral School, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 30041 Timișoara, Romania
2 Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041, Timișoara, Romania
3 University Clinic of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
4 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
5 Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
6 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
7 Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, “Babeș-Bolyai” University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
8 Doctoral School of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, “Babeș-Bolyai” University, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
9 National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 400293, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
10 Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Organic and Natural Compounds, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnologies and Environmental Protection, Politehnica University Timișoara, 6 Vasile Pârvan Street, 300223, Timișoara, Romania
11 Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38th Gheorghe Marinescu Street, Târgu Mures, 540142, Romania
12 Department I – Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041, Timișoara, Romania

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Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is recognised in traditional medicine for its impressive biological properties, which serve a prophylactic role or are used in the treatment of various diseases. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of the plant proved multifunctional potential in numerous studies. This study aimed to prepare various extracts from Ribes nigrum leaves, representing three fractions (petroleum ether─RN-EP, diethyl ether─RN-DEE and ethyl acetate─RN-EtOAc) and to evaluate their phytochemical composition, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial abilities and cytotoxic effect on the DLD-1 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line. The results obtained indicated the importance of the solvent and its influence on the performance of biological functions. Thus, RN-EtOAc showed the highest content of flavonoids and the highest antioxidant effect, while RN-DEE produced the most substantial inhibition of Gram-positive bacteria and Candida parapsilosis yeast. In terms of cytotoxic activity, RN-DEE showed the highest effect with an IC50 = 43.56 μg/mL, followed by RN-EtOAc with IC50 = 127.6 μg/mL and RN-EP with IC50 = 218.9 μg/mL. These findings confirm the multifunctional therapeutic abilities of R. nigrum extracts from leaves and pave the way for future research into elucidating the underlying mechanisms of action