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CHEMICAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL STUDIES OF ROMANIAN HERACLEUM SPHONDYLIUM

DANIELA BENEDEC ^1#, DANIELA HANGANU ^1#, LORENA FILIP ^1#, ILIOARA ONIGA^1*, BRÎNDUȘA TIPERCIUC ^1#, NELI-KINGA OLAH ^2#, ANA-MARIA GHELDIU¹, OANA RAITA³, LAURIAN VLASE¹

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In order to obtain a chemical and biological characterization of Heracleum sphondylium subsp. sphondylium, we proposed the qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyphenolic compounds from roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, as well as the antioxidant and antibacterial potential evaluation. For the identification and quantification of the phenolic compounds, chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods were employed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) and EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) methods. The antibacterial test was performed by means of agar diffusimetric method. The HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) phenolic profile has revealed high amounts of rutin in flowers (983.88 mg/100 g) and in leaves (477.08 mg/100 g), other flavonoids: quercitrin (15.60 mg/100 g leaves), quercetin (13.38 mg/100 g flowers) and phenol acids: ferulic acid (13.04 mg/100 g) and chlorogenic acid (4.32 mg/100 g) in roots. The flowers and leaves extracts showed the highest antioxidant capacity, according to the phenolic content. The antimicrobial tests revealed a good inhibitory activity against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes for all samples. The results of the present investigation showed both qualitative and quantitative differences between the parts of H. sphondylium, so it is recommended to use in practice the extract obtained from a specific organ that furnishes the higher yield of active constituents.