ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECTS OF ELEUTHERINE BULBOSA (MILL.) CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES IN NACL-INDUCED HYPERTENSIVE RATS
MOCH. SAIFUL BACHRI 1*, DIAN PRASASTI 1, DARU ESTININGSIH 2, MUHAMMAD MA’RUF 3, LAELA HAYU NURANI 1, NURI ARI EFIANA 1, MUHAMMAD ANDY RAJAB 1, AULIA SYAFADILLA AZALI 1, SYAHARANI AGUSTIN 1, AULIA AYU KUSUMANINGRUM 1, DANANG PRASETYANING AMUKTI 2, VIVI SOFIA ⁴
¹ Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 55164
2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 55183
3 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, 70123
4 Faculty of Pharmacy and Health, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan, Indonesia, 20123
Download Full Article PDF
Eleutherine bulbosa contains flavonoids and phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties and has potential as a natural antihypertensive agent. This study evaluated the antioxidant and antihypertensive effects of Eleutherine bulbosa extract and its chitosan nanoparticles (EB-CNPs) in NaCl-induced hypertensive rats. The extract (EB-e, 60 mg/kg B.W.) and three EB-CNP formulations (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg B.W.) were prepared and characterized based on pH, particle size, zeta potential, and morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hypertension was induced in male Wistar rats by oral administration of NaCl (3.75 g/kg B.W.) for 21 days, followed by treatment for 7 days. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured. Among the formulations, F2 containing 0.75% chitosan exhibited the most favorable physicochemical characteristics, with a particle size of 291.17 nm. Treatment with EB-CNPs significantly reduced SBP and DBP and increased NO levels compared with the negative control group (p < 0.05). The highest dose (400 mg/kg B.W.) reduced SBP from 156.87 ± 16.17 to 115.40 ± 17.89 mmHg and DBP from 124.13 ± 20.27 to 92.20 ± 16.50 mmHg, while increasing NO levels from 16.43 ± 2.67 to 28.72 ± 2.86 µmol/L (p < 0.05). The antihypertensive effect of EB-CNPs at 400 mg/kg B.W. was comparable to that of captopril and greater than that of the crude extract. In conclusion, EB-CNPs enhance the biological activity of Eleutherine bulbosa, improving its antihypertensive potential and supporting its development as a promising natural therapeutic agent.
