LC-MS/MS PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ACACIA ARABICA
TEBIB ARBIA 1*, BOUHAFSOUN AICHA 1, ÇIFTÇI BEGÜM HAZAR 2, KELLAL HASSIBA 1, TAŞ KÜÇÜKAYDIN MELTEM 2, KÜÇÜKAYDIN SELÇUK 2, CHERIFI FADILA 1, MEHTOUGUI AMEL 1, DURU MEHMET EMIN 2, ERENLER RAMAZAN 3, DJABEUR ABDERREZAK ¹
¹ Laboratory of production and valorization of plants and microorganisms (LP2VM), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Oran - Mohamed Boudiaf USTO-MB, B.P. 1505, ElMn’aour, Oran 31000, Algeria
2 Mugla Sitki Kocman University Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry 48121 Muğla, Turkey
3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60240 Tokat, Türkiye
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This study aimed to analyse the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and anticholinesterase potential of methanolic extracts from branches and leaves of Acacia arabica from Western Algeria. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using colorimetric methods. Antioxidant activities were evaluated via five assays (DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene bleaching, CUPRAC, and ferrous ion chelation). Anticholinesterase inhibitory activity and LC-MS/MS analysis were performed to identify phenolic compounds and their organ-specific distributions. Results showed that leaves contained higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, whereas branch extracts exhibited stronger antioxidant properties. Regarding anticholinesterase activity, both extracts showed moderate AChE inhibition, with IC₅₀ values of 152.7 ± 0.85 µg/mL for leaves and 99.55 ± 0.79 µg/mL for branches, while BChE inhibition was more pronounced in the branch extract (IC₅₀ = 40.17 ± 0.93 µg/mL), with activity statistically comparable to that of galantamine (42.20 ± 0.35 µg/mL). LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that branches contained catechin, epigallocatechin, gallic acid, gentisic acid, and vanillin, while leaves contained rutin and salicylic acid as the main components. These findings highlight the importance of organ-specific selection in phytochemical and pharmacological studies of Acacia arabica.
