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ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACT AND FRACTION OF ZIZIPHUS JUJUBA LEAF

DEWI PERTIWI ¹, BENNI ISKANDAR ², IHSANUL HAFIZ ³*

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Ziziphus jujuba leaves are widely used in traditional medicine across Asia and parts of Europe, largely due to their antioxidant properties and their use in treating inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to validate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Ziziphus jujuba leaves and to identify potential bioactive compound groups via solvent-polarity-based fractiona- tion. Antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract and its fractions was evaluated in vitro using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydraxyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, while the anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using the paw edema model in carragee- nan-induced Wistar rats. The ethanol extract contained 43.70 ± 1.78 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract of total phe- nolics and 19.49 ± 0.88 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g extract of flavonoids. The ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction showed strong antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 89.76 µg/mL and 78.07 µg/mL, respectively. Both samples also demon- strated consistent anti-inflammatory effects between 180 and 360 minutes. These results indicate that bioactive antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds are mainly concentrated in the ethyl acetate fraction and, to a lesser extent, in the ethanol frac- tion.