Romanian Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences
 

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EXPLORING OF THE AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE WHEATGRASS (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) ON SURGICALLY INDUCED ENDOMETRIOSIS RAT MODEL

ABDULLAH ADIYAMAN 1, ABDULHAMİT BATTAL 2*, MERT İLHAN 3

1Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Tusba, Van, Turkey
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Tusba, Van, Turkey
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Düzce University, 81620, Düzce, Turkey

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the healing effects of an ethanolic wheatgrass (WG) extract obtained from young wheat leaves on a surgically induced endometriosis rat model. 30 female Wistar albino rats with endometriosis were randomly organized into five groups (N = 6): Control, Letrozole a reference drug for endometriosis (0.2 mg/kg/day), WG-25 (25 mg/kg/day WG extract), WG-100 (100 mg/kg/day WG extract) and WG-400 (400 mg/kg/day WG extract). WG-100 extract and Letrozole caused a significantly decrease in adhesion score compared to the control. Additionally, treatment with WG extracts resulted in a significant reduction of endometrial cyst volumes compared to the control group. IL-6 cytokine levels in peritoneal fluid of WG-100 and Letrozole groups were importantly lower than the control. Matrix metallopeptidase 9, VEGF and kinase insert domain receptor genes were expressed in endometrial cysts. According to LC-MS/MS analysis, aconitic acid was the major phenolic acid (54.004 mg analyte/g extract) in the WG extract. Additionally, quinic acid (3.687 mg analyte/g extract) and protocatechuic acid (0.014 mg analyte/g extract) were determined in the WG extract. Moreover, the WG extract had vitamin E (5.49 ± 0.08 mg/g extract) and vitamin C (7.42 ± 0.13 mg/g extract). As conclusion, WG extract obtained from young leaves of wheat has ameliorative effects on surgically induced endometriosis due to its rich phytochemical content.