Romanian Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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RISK FACTORS, ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS-BASED THERAPEUTICAL APPROACHES AND COMORBIDITIES IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: 4216 PATIENTS FROM A ROMANIAN HOSPITAL

MIRELA MARIOARA TOMA 1, DELIA MIRELA TIT 1,2*, RADU DUMITRU MOLERIU 3, ALEXA
FLORINA BUNGAU 4, CAMELIA CRISTINA DIACONU 5,6, SIMONA GABRIELA BUNGAU 1,2

1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Doctoral School of the University of Oradea, University of Oradea, Oradea, 410087, Romania
2Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, 410087, Romania
3Mathematics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, West University Timișoara, Timișoara, 30022, Romania
4Medicine Program of Study, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, 410087, Romania
5Department of Internal Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, 050474, Romania 6Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, 105402, Romania

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Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, is frequently correlated with risk factors and/or comorbidities, and also connected to the cardiovascular diseases. Prevention of the stroke under oral anticoagulants (OACs) therapeutical approach is one of the main goals of AF management. This research aimed to evaluate the characteristics of 4216 AF patients and to establish the risk factors, comorbidities and tendencies in using OACs. A retrospective observational study was carried out between 2017 and 2020, in the County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oradea, Romania. It has been observed that the number of women suffering from AF is higher. The average age of the patients was 72.52 years (SD = 10.63). High blood pressure (HBP) was present in 80% of patients, followed by peripheral artery disease (76.8%), diabetes (41.88%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (33.8%) and dyslipidaemia (31.8%). Heart failure (HF) had a frequency of 41.9%, coronary artery disease (CAD) 11.3% and valvular heart diseases 11.1%. 92% of the AF patients received OACs in the followed period. 41% of them (N = 1632) received acenocumarol (the only prescribed vitamin K antagonists (VKA)), 46.6% (N = 1853) direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and 12.4% (N = 493) OACs combinations with antiplatelet agents. Following the analysis of data on AC therapy, depending on the presence/absence of HF, CAD and valvopathies provided significant differences (p < 0.05). The incidence of AF is closely related to old age and increased prevalence of risk factors (i.e., HBP, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, CAD and COPD).