Romanian Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences
 

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MOLECULAR BACKGROUNDS OF INDIVIDUALISED PHARMACOTHERAPY

MONICA NEAMȚU 1, RĂZVAN NICOLAE RUSU 1, DANIELA CARMEN ABABEI 1*, WALTHER BILD 2,3, CRISTINA GAVRILOVICI 4, BOGDAN STANA 2, VERONICA BILD 1,3

1.“Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Iași, Romania
2.“Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Department, Iași, Romania
3.Center of Biomedical Research of the Romanian Academy, Iași, Romania
4.“Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Paediatrics Department, Iași, Romania

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Genetic polymorphism can influence the effect of drugs by modifying their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. As a result of these transformations, arise inter-individual differences as a response to drug treatment. While pharmacokinetics follows the amount of drug reaching the therapeutic target, pharmacodynamics follows the manner in which different targets such as receptors, ion channels, and enzymes respond to different drugs. Metabolization of drugs is a natural process that involves the same enzymatic pathways and transport systems used to metabolize different dietary constituents. The cytochrome family (CYP) P450 with three subfamilies, CYP1s, CYP2s and CYP3s, have an essential contribution in the oxidative metabolism for more than 90% of the drugs used in therapeutics. The specific individual response to medication can also be attributed to genetic factors such as SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms), deletions and genetic duplications. These factors together with the physiological conditions (age, sex and ethnicity) can influence the response to medication of the patients. The drug treatment can be personalized for greater effectiveness, but this can be done only on the basis of a very good understanding of the molecular basis of the drug's action and the genetic determinants of the drug response. Pharmacogenetics studies can provide a variety of data regarding the correlation between genetic polymorphisms and response to drug administration.