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COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF NIGELLA SATIVA OIL, CURCUMIN, AND HYDROXYTYROSOL AGAINST DEXTRAN SULPHATE SODIUM-INDUCED COLITIS IN MICE

RUMYANA SIMEONOVA 1*, DIMITRINA ZHELEVA-DIMITROVA 2, NIKO BENBASSAT 2, IONKO SAVOV 3, RENETA GEVRENOVA 2

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The present study compared the protective effects of three commonly used plant-derived substances and products on dextraninduced colitis in mice. High-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) was used to identify the Nigella sativa oil (NSO) composition. The colitis was induced by a 7-day oral dextran 3% administration. The levels of NOx, CRP, MDA, GSH, IL-6, and the enzymatic activity of CAT, SOD, GPX and MPO were measured. The palmitic, linoleic, and oleic acids were detected in NSO. The colitis was evaluated by increased disease activity index, level of inflammatory markers, and disturbed oxidative stress markers. NSO, curcumin, and hydroxytyrosol markedly attenuated colonic inflammation by inhibiting MPO activity and decreasing the augmented levels of IL-6, NO and CRP. These compounds improved colon antioxidant defence mechanisms by reducing MDA quantity and increasing the level of GSH and antioxidant enzymatic activities. The investigated compounds ameliorated colon injury and inflammatory signs as visualized by histopathological examination. The results revealed that all three natural substances have similar colon protective effects.