A COMPARATIVE PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDY AND ASSESMENT
OF ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF THREE SPECIES FROM
PLANTAGO GENUS
PAOLINA LUKOVA 1*, DIANA KARCHEVA-BAHCHEVANSKA 1, IVANKA DIMITROVADYULGEROVA 1, 2, PLAMEN KATSAROV 3, RUMEN MLADENOV 1, 2, ILIA ILIEV 4, MARIANA NIKOLOVA 4
1Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University – Plovdiv, Plovdiv,
Bulgaria
2Department of Botany and Teaching Methods in Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”,
Plovdiv, Bulgaria
3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University – Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
4Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Plovdiv,
Bulgaria
*corresponding author: paolina.lukova@gmail.com
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Abstract:
This paper presents a comparative pharmacognostic study of three species from Plantago genus (Plantago media L.,
Plantago major L., Plantago lanceolata L.) and assessment of their antioxidant capacity. First time reported microscopic data
of P. media leaves revealed the presence of multicellular covering trichomes, stalked glandular trichomes, anomocytic and
diacityc stomatal type. The phytochemical analysis showed that P. media leaves had the highest content of polysaccharides
(24.43%) and total polyphenols (28.91 mg GAE/g dw), whereas P. lanceolata leaves were the richest source of chlorophyll
(40.38 mg/L). Antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts from Plantago leaves were characterized by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-2-
picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) scavenging test, CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant
power) assays. All extracts showed significant antioxidant efficacy and among them P. media extracts exhibited the
strongest antioxidant activity in the three methods.

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