IDENTIFICATION AND PRODUCTION OF PHENOLIC NICOTIFLORIN
IN ASTRAGALUS CHRYSOCHLORUS CALLUS
NESLİHAN TURGUT-KARA 1*, ÖZGÜR ÇAKIR 1, SEMRA HASANÇEBİ 2, FATİH KARABEY 3, ŞULE ARI 1
1Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
2Trakya University, Faculty of Engineering, Departmant of Genetics and Bioengineering, Edirne, Turkey
3Ege University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
*corresponding author: neslihantk@istanbul.edu.tr
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Abstract:
Astragalus chrysochlorus Boiss. & Kotschy (2n = 16) is one of the rare Turkish endemic species and it is listed in the Red
Data Book of Turkish Plants as endangered. This species has been used traditionally for its wound healing properties and a
crude ethanol extract prepared from the roots exhibits antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. In this study, a detailed
phytochemical analysis was performed on A. chrysochlorus calli that resulted in the isolation of a major constituent. The
purified molecule’s structure elucidation was completed by spectral methods [nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass
spectrometry (MS)], which revealed a rarely encountered the flavonoid in the Astragalus genus, nicotiflorin. In order to
increasing nicotiflorin content in the callus cultures, the effects of culturing time and elicitor treatment were investigated. The
HPLC analyses showed that the maximal production of nicotiflorin occurred with long-term cultured (13 years old) callus as
4775 μg/g dry weight (DW), whereas it was 132 μg/g DW for short-term cultured (2 months old) ones. Then, the 24 h
treatment of the yeast extract that was used as biotic elicitor had negative effect on the production of nicotiflorin. The data
obtained from this study could be significant for the mass production of nicotiflorin from long term in vitro cultured A.
chrysochlorus callus.

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