CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL
AND HAEMOLYTIC ACTIVITIES OF CRAMBE CORDIFOLIA ROOTS
MUHAMMAD ABID RASHID 1*, MUHAMMAD NADEEM AKHTAR 2, AISHA ASHRAF 3, SADIA NAZIR 3, ANAM IJAZ 1, NORADILA ABDULLAH OMAR 2, SADIA NOOR 1, ABDUL BASIT 1, RASOOL BAKHSH TAREEN 4
1Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
2Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Malaysia
3Department of Chemistry, Government, College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
4Department of Botany, Balochistan University, Quetta, Pakistan
*corresponding author: marashid@uaf.edu.pk
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Abstract:
In the current study, we investigated the chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial and haemolytic activities
of the crude (methanolic) and n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts of roots of Crambe cordifolia Steven. The
GC-MS analysis led to identification of erucic acid (20.8%), p-cymene (20.9%), palmitic acid (19.2%) and vitamin E (13.8
%) as major components of methanol, n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts respectively. The results of
spectrophotometric assays showed that the methanol extract had the highest total phenolic contents (210.3 ± 0.74 μg
GAE/mg of dry plant material), total flavonoid contents (75.5 ± 0.32 μg QE/mg of dry plant material) and antioxidant
potential. It was established by disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration methods that, overall, the methanol
extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against most of the tested microbial strains (Escherichia coli, Bacillus
subtilis, Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani) as compared with the nhexane,
chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts. The outcome of the haemolytic assay showed that the tested extract and
different solvent fractions were safe to human erythrocyte membrane.

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